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A novel is a relatively long narrative fiction which describes intimate human experiences normally in a prose form. The present English word 'novel' is derived from the Italian ‘novella', meaning 'new'. A novel narrates a story embellishing it with more details of time, place, nature, people and their minds, their gestures and activities. It creates a picture of the society of that time. The novel makes life easier to understand than drama and poetry. In the modern era, novels have as adopted literary prose.
The novel as a literary genre has a history of about two thousand years. There are six elements essential to "Novel' or "Novella'. All these factors may be related to one another in the work of an author.
4.1 History of Novel: MCQ with answers
1. The eighteenth century introduced two new forms to English literature: the periodical essay and the _______.
→ novel
2. The word ‘novel’ is derived from the Italian word _______.
→ novella
3. Novels primarily describe _______ human experiences.
→ intimate
4. The earliest known novel in the world is _______ by Murasaki Shikibu.
→ The Tale of Genji
5. The European novel is often said to begin with _______.
→ Don Quixote
6. Don Quixote was written by _______.
→ Miguel de Cervantes
7. Don Quixote was published in two parts between _______.
→ 1605 and 1615
8. The 18th-century novel was largely influenced by the rise of the _______ class.
→ middle
9. ‘Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded’ was written by _______.
→ Samuel Richardson
10. _______ wrote ‘Robinson Crusoe’.
→ Daniel Defoe
11. ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ is a famous satire by _______.
→ Jonathan Swift
12. ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’ was authored by _______.
→ John Bunyan
13. ‘Oroonoko’ was written by _______.
→ Aphra Behn
14. The 18th-century novel focused on _______ rather than romance or tragedy.
→ realism
15. The Industrial Revolution helped promote the reading habits of the _______ class.
→ educated middle
16. ‘Clarissa’ is another epistolary novel by _______.
→ Samuel Richardson
17. _______ wrote ‘Tristram Shandy’.
→ Lawrence Sterne
18. _______ and _______ were the two dominant literary genres before the rise of the novel.
→ Drama, Poetry
19. The 20th-century novelists used _______ styles and techniques.
→ innovative
20. The spread of _______ gave the middle class more time to read.
→ machines
21. ‘The Canterbury Tales’ was written by _______.
→ Geoffrey Chaucer
22. _______ is considered a precursor of modern prose fiction.
→ Greek Romances
23. Aphra Behn’s novel ‘Oroonoko’ was published in the year _______.
→ 1688
24. The novel offers a more _______ picture of society than poetry or drama.
→ realistic
25. ‘Pamela’ and ‘Clarissa’ are examples of _______ novels.
→ epistolary
26. _______ wrote historical novels and contributed to the genre significantly.
→ Walter Scott
27. _______ wrote about scientific themes in his novels.
→ H.G. Wells
28. Charles Dickens often wrote about _______ life and issues.
→ urban
29. _______ wrote 'Heart of Darkness'.
→ Joseph Conrad
30. ‘The Tale of Genji’ was written in the year _______.
→ 1010
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B. Match the Pairs (31–50)
**Match the Author with the Work:**
31. Samuel Richardson → (b) Pamela
32. Daniel Defoe → (a) Robinson Crusoe
33. Aphra Behn → (e) Oroonoko
34. Jonathan Swift → (d) Gulliver’s Travels
35. John Bunyan → (c) The Pilgrim’s Progress
**Match the Novelist with Their Contribution:**
36. E.M. Forster → (c) Psychological depth
37. H.G. Wells → (b) Scientific themes
38. George Orwell → (a) Political fiction
39. Salman Rushdie → (e) Postcolonial literature
40. D.H. Lawrence → (d) Human emotions
**Match the Century with the Event:**
41. 17th century → (b) Bunyan’s & Behn’s works
42. 18th century → (a) Rise of the novel
43. 19th century → (e) Dickens & Hardy
44. 20th century → (c) Modernism & style
45. 21st century → (d) Global voices
**Match the Literary Feature with the Genre:**
46. Realism → (b) Novel
47. Stage action → (c) Drama
48. Musicality → (a) Poetry
49. Prose form → (d) Novel
50. Dialogue-based performance → (e) Drama
---
C. Chronological Order (51–70)
**Put in chronological order (earliest to latest):**
51. (a) Tale of Genji, (b) Don Quixote, (c) Pamela, (d) Clarissa
→ a, b, c, d
52. (a) Gulliver’s Travels, (b) Tristram Shandy, (c) Clarissa, (d) Pamela
→ d, c, a, b
53. (a) Pilgrim’s Progress, (b) Oroonoko, (c) Robinson Crusoe, (d) Pamela
→ a, b, c, d
54. (a) Walter Scott, (b) Charles Dickens, (c) George Orwell, (d) Salman Rushdie
→ a, b, c, d
55. (a) Greek Romances, (b) Morte D’Arthur, (c) The Canterbury Tales, (d) Don Quixote
→ a, b, c, d
**Arrange Authors by Era:**
56. (a) Bunyan, (b) Defoe, (c) Fielding, (d) Hardy
→ a, b, c, d
57. (a) James Joyce, (b) Conrad, (c) Forster, (d) Golding
→ b, a, c, d
58. (a) Aphra Behn, (b) Henry Fielding, (c) H.G. Wells, (d) Ishiguro
→ a, b, c, d
59. (a) Cervantes, (b) Richardson, (c) Dickens, (d) Orwell
→ a, b, c, d
60. (a) Virgil, (b) Chaucer, (c) Cervantes, (d) Defoe
→ a, b, c, d
---
D. Multiple Choice Questions (71–100)
71. Who is credited with writing the first modern European novel?
→ b) Miguel de Cervantes
72. Which of the following is an epistolary novel?
→ b) Clarissa
73. The novel originated as a literary form in England after:
→ d) 1740
74. The word “novel” comes from which language?
→ c) Italian
75. Which class primarily supported the rise of the novel?
→ c) Middle Class
76. Who wrote "Tristram Shandy"?
→ c) Lawrence Sterne
77. "Gulliver’s Travels" is best described as a:
→ c) Satire
78. What genre did novels begin to replace in popularity during the 18th century?
→ c) Poetry and Drama
79. Which author is NOT from the 18th century?
→ c) Thomas Hardy
80. What literary device was commonly used in 18th-century novels?
→ b) Epistolary form
81. Which of these novels is based on travel and adventure?
→ c) Robinson Crusoe
82. The rise of newspapers and periodicals in the 18th century influenced:
→ c) Novel development
83. What major movement during the 18th century helped spread novel reading?
→ b) Industrial Revolution
84. Which of the following novels is considered a satire on society?
→ c) Gulliver’s Travels
85. The 18th-century novelists focused primarily on:
→ c) Everyday life and common people
86. Who among the following was not a novelist of the 18th century?
→ c) D.H. Lawrence
87. The main feature of the novel as opposed to poetry is its use of:
→ c) Prose
88. Aphra Behn is considered one of the first English _______ novelists.
→ c) Female
89. ‘The Tale of Genji’ was written in which country?
→ b) Japan
90. What is the central theme in most 18th-century novels?
→ c) Realistic life and moral instruction
91. Which 18th-century novelist used humour and irony extensively?
→ b) Henry Fielding
92. Who is the author of *Tom Jones*?
→ b) Henry Fielding
93. The 20th-century novelist who explored stream-of-consciousness was:
→ c) James Joyce
94. Which writer contributed to the gothic novel tradition?
→ b) Horace Walpole
95. Which immigrant writer is famous for *Midnight’s Children*?
→ c) Salman Rushdie
96. Novels in the 18th century were often used to:
→ b) Teach virtue and morality
97. Tobias Smollett is known for writing:
→ a) Comic and picaresque novels
98. Which of the following is not typically found in 18th-century n
ovels?
→ c) Heroic epics
99. Which 20th-century writer explored dystopian themes?
→ b) George Orwell
100. Who among the following is a Nobel laureate?
→ c) V.S. Naipaul
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